Syntax; The Stucture of Prediction and Modification

a. STRUCTURES OF PREDICATION
The two immediate constituents of structure of predication are a subject (Maya/Person, soldier, week) and a predicate (speaks, have been eaten, kept speakiing), usually, but not always coming in that order. Each of these may be a single word, a word with accompanying a phrase, function word(s), or one of the three other kinds of syntactic structure-modification, coordination or complementation.
e.g.: a week has seven days
P

b. STRUCTURES OF MODIFICATION
Structures of modification have two component parts, those are head (town, people, superior) and a modifier (home, hungry, easily). Both the head and the modifier which are the immediate constituents of a structure of modification may themselves be structures of more and less complexity. The head includes verb, adverb, noun,and function word.

Ø Function word as Head: Function word is considered as the combinations of qualifiers in which the last qualifier in the group is the head.
e.g.: very much more easily
M M H

Ø Verb as Head: At the outset of our discussion of structures of modification with verb as head, we must make a distinction of considerable importance, though it is usually overlooked in traditional grammar.
e.g.: I usually tell the good Story
M/Adv. H/वेर्ब

Ø Noun as Head: Nouns appear very frequently as heads of structure of modification. The modifiers in such structures may belong to any of the four parts of speech.
e.g.: The Dirty Class
M/Det M/Adj. Head

Ø Adverb as Head: When adverbs appear as heads of structure of modification, they may be modified by qualifiers, other adverbs, nouns, or prepositional phrases.
e.g.: Adverbs (unusually eagerly), Nouns (a foot away), Qualifier (very easily), and Prepositional Phrases (away for a week).