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Language is vested in culture and the origin of spoken language is as old as humanity itself. In other definition, a language is considered to be a system of communicating with other people using sounds, symbols and words in expressing a meaning, idea or thought. This language can be used in many forms, primarily through oral and written communications as well as using expressions through body language.We could well imagine people from the distant past living in families with a particular spoken tongue clustering together to form a clan. Geographically together in security and subsistence they would harmonize as a culture, protecting it with all their power to survive in a world as it was known to them and not very much different from the same principles philosophized today.
Today we are aware of spoken languages that have become extinct mainly because the people of that culture were incorporated or annihilated by others. We also know that all modern languages have its origin in similar older versions of somewhat different vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation e.g. Old English, Old German, Orthodox Greek, etc. and Latin, who now is not used as a spoken language, any more but has richly contributed to so many languages and for that matter cultures. What then would be the definition of language? Language is a way to communicate ideas comprehensibly from one person to another in such a way that the other will be able to act exactly accordingly. The transportation of such ideas could be acquired by either verbal expression, signing in alphabet (written word) and perhaps if we can imagine two parties with different tongue, signing with gestures and images.
In the study of language, description, or descriptive linguistics, is the work of objectively analyzing and describing how language is spoken (or how it was spoken in the past) by a group of people in a speech community. There are tens of thousands of linguistic descriptions of thousands of languages that were prepared by people without adequate linguistic training. A linguistic description is considered descriptively adequate if it achieves one or more of the following goals of descriptive linguistics:
1. A description of the phonology of the language in question.
2. A description of the morphology of words belonging to that language.
3. A description of the syntax of well-formed sentences of that language.
4. A description of lexical derivations.
5. A documentation of the vocabulary, including at least one thousand entries.
6. A reproduction of a few genuine texts. (Wikipedia.com)
In short, by knowing the definition of language, we also can be able to know the definition of descriptive linguistics, because they have correlation each other.