Title:
“A STUDY ON LANGUAGE DISORDER OF A MAN IN MENTAL RETARDATION IN KOI MIL GAYA”
RESEARCH BACKGROUND
Background of study
Language is the basic form of communication to represent their feelings, thoughts, or ideas. We can communicate with others using language only, whether verbal or non-verbal, in order to build social harmony. As the result, we are as human being use language for many kinds of reason most of the time. Relating to Kinneavy, the basic language functions are expression, information, exploration, persuasion, and entertainment. As the explanation of Prof. Mudjia Rahardjo about language and power, language is within the field of linguistics, while the power is the domain of politics. It is true when language is just meant as arbitrary vocal symbol dealing with meanings, and word and the sentence constructions as defined by structural linguists.
Mental retardation (MR) is a generalized disorder, characterized by significantly impaired cognitive functioning and deficits in two or more adaptive behaviors with onset before the age of 18. It has historically been defined as an Intelligence Quotient score under 70. Once focused almost entirely on cognition, the definition now includes both a component relating to mental functioning and one relating to individuals' functional skills in their environment.
By most definitions mental retardation is more accurately considered a disability rather than a disease. MR can be distinguished in many ways from mental illness, such as schizophrenia or depression. Currently, there is no "cure" for an established disability, though with appropriate support and teaching, most individuals can learn to do many things.
The importance of studying Mental retardation
The important thing of studying mental retardation that suffered by man or woman is we could know that a man or a woman with mental retardation also has a life and dream as a normal person. She or he has aching wish to make other people proud of him / her. Facing this disease his or her family should give the same or more attention to him or her; they should keep and care as they do to a normal person because a man or a woman with mental retardation still has pragmatic understanding. In short, you should never insult the man or woman with mental retardation and keep him or her as you keep a normal person, love as you love a normal person. Hopefully, this disease can be cured in the future by understanding well about this disease and a new treatment of it.
The reason of choosing the movie
According to the real situation, many people still assume that man / woman with mental retardation makes difficulties for others, they also have perception that mental age of man / woman is not function as a normal people. In this movie that researched, those realities also happens; the main character is a man with mental retardation, the positive thing of this movie is when his mother keep him well and she makes effort to cure his son as she can, and it is rarely to be done in the real life.
Relevant researches
In this section the researcher will show about the correlation about the movie and the real situation facing a man with mental retardation.
The conclusion why this research is significant to do
There are two kinds of significance of the study, they are; theoretical and practical significance, In theoretical significance, the researcher hopes that it can provide important applications of Psycholinguistics principles and offer the assessment of general principles of Psycholinguistics.
RESEARCH PROBLEM
How is the expressive disorder of the mental retardation at the main character of “Koi Mil Gaya” movie?
How does the writer correlate the mental retardation at the main character of “Koi Mil Gaya” movie with the real situation?
Could the movie “Koi Mil Gaya” expose / show to the audiences clearly about mental retardation?
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Theoretical framework
Language production
Language and the brain
Comprehension language disorder
3. 1. Types
3. 2. Characteristics
3. 3. Causes
Many causes influence mental retardation or Down syndrome. In the movie of Koi mil Gaya, the cause of Mental retardation is the main character gets disease in his brain; called by Gliosis. Gliosis is a proliferation of astrocytes in damaged areas of the central nervous system (CNS). This proliferation usually leads to the formation of a glial scar.
3. 4. Symptoms
Mental Retardation
4.1. Signs and symptoms
4.2. Causes
4.3. The Characteristic of Mental Retardation
4.4. Diagnosis the mental retardation
Alternative Term
The Synopsis of The Movie: Koi mil Gaya
Correlating the movie identify with the real situation
Biography of Rakesh Roshan (The Writer of the Movie)
II. Previous studies
According to many sources that found; as American Heritage Dictionary, 1982: 644 or Maslim.R. 2000:119 in Delphie: 2006:113 said that mental retardation is quite similar with Down syndrome, in the movie the main character is also indicated as Down syndrome, so the researcher will take the research from Jean A. RONDAL as Psycholinguistic Unit from University of Liège, Belgium that talks about LANGUAGE DIFFICULTIES IN DOWN SYNDROME - LIFESPAN PERSPECTIVE AND REMEDIATION PRINCIPLES.
In one of Jean’s researcher said typically developing (TD) preborn babies three months before birth already familiarize themselves with their mother’s voice in utero. Upon birth they recognize the voice of the mother and her language based on their prosodic properties. TD newborns also are able to make binarily distinctions between virtually all human consonants (in French, for example, contrasting b and p, t and d, f and v, etc.). In the course of the first year, TD babies specialize in the particular sounds of their community language (receptively, discriminating better the sounds — phonemes — of this language and gradually less well those of other languages; expressively, progressively saturating their babbling with phonemes of the community language to the exclusion of other sounds which were largely produced before).
Combining between the Jean’s Researches and American Heritage Dictionary, 1982: 644 or Maslim.R. 2000:119 in Delphie: 2006:113 and the research that found by the research in the movie, the researcher can make analysis about the effect of the main character gets the disease. As the researcher explained before that the cause is when his mother was pregnant, she got an accident then she utter, after she checked the condition of the baby, and she got a surprise that her baby gets damage in his brain; named as gliosis. It causes the baby will get brain retardation thinking and may get Down syndrome.
There are many differences of the situation with a man with mental retardation (Down syndrome) between in the movie and the real situation. For example; in the movie the patient (the main character with mental retardation) can recover and do the activity as a normal person well, he can read from distance that cannot be done by the patient in the real situation.
RESEARCH METHOD
RESEARCH DESIGN
This research uses descriptive-exploratory. Descriptive study is designed to obtain information concerning the currents phenomena. The research wants to explore the data sources and describe clearly what research has found during his investigation. In other word, this research includes the qualitative which is tried to describe and analyze the phenomena that usually appear in daily activities and it does not deal with number at all. As a qualitative research, this research concerned to the characteristics of the qualitative research. Therefore, the researcher collects the data via observation the dialogues of man in mental retardation in “Koi Mil Gaya” movie. Moreover, the findings are discussed and analyzed in expressive language
DATA COLLECTION
The data in this research is taken from the movie; Koi Mil Gaya (2003). The data are collected through some steps. The first step is watching and listening to the movie carefully. Besides that, the researcher hunts some information relating to the movie about this study to get a complete and well understanding of the movie. In additional,
the researcher takes note of Rakhes rokhan’s expression language in the “Koi mil Gaya” movie. The following step, the researcher compares whether they are the same as the movie script. The last step, the writer arranges the obtained data deals with the research problem systematically.
DATA ANALYSIS
After getting the data that as what the writer wants from the film, the researcher arranges the data of expressive language of Rakhes rokhan. The data relevant with the research problem are categorized as the type of expressive language disorder before the conclusion is drawn.
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